出自UXGuide.net

Dock

The Dock

The Dock is more than just a tool for users of Mac OS X. Developers need to be aware of the Dock and account for its presence in their applications.

Dock不仅仅是用户的工具，开发者也需要考虑他们的程序在Dock上显示。

When creating new windows or resizing existing windows, make sure you take the Dock position into account. New windows should not overlap the boundaries of the Dock. Similarly, you should prevent users from moving or resizing windows so that they are behind the Dock. (Carbon developers can use the GetAvailableWindowPositioningBounds function and Cocoa developers can use the methods of NSScreen to get the screen area without the Dock or menu bar.)

当创建一个新的窗口或者调整现有窗口的大小时，确保您已经考虑到了Dock的位置问题。新窗口不应和Dock的边界重叠。类似的，您也应该防止用户因为移动窗口或者调整窗口的大小从而导致窗口位于Dock的后面。

在Dock中呈现信息

Conveying Information in the Dock

Developers may also find some features of the Dock useful for conveying information.

Dock中某些特性用来呈现信息非常有用：

• Use badging to convey status information in an unobtrusive manner. Badging is the process of superimposing a small image on an application’s Dock tile icon. For example, Mail uses a badge to show the number of unread messages. This is a good example of providing appropriate feedback and communication. For more information on this principle of user interface design, see “Feedback and Communication.”

使用小图标来显示程序的状态信息。小图标是进程在程序的Dock图标上附加的一个小图片。例如，邮件程序使用小图标来显示未读邮件的数目就是一个很好的例子。关于用户接口设计中该主题的更多信息，参考“反馈和交互。”

• Use the Notification Manager to convey more serious information, such as error conditions. Notifications cause your Dock tile icon to bounce. Make sure you disable this effect once the user has addressed the problem. (Note that error-related classes in a Cocoa application initiate Dock notifications automatically.)

使用通知管理器来呈现更严重的信息，通知能够让您的程序的Dock图标上下跳动。如果用户已经处理了该问题，确保您关闭了该效果（ 注意，Cocoa中的错误处理相关的类已经自动地完成了这一行为）。

在Dock上点击

Clicking in the Dock

Clicking an application icon in the Dock should always result in a window becoming active.

在Dock上点击程序图标应该总是导致该程序的窗口被激活。

• If the application is not open, a new window should open. In a document-based application, the application should open a new, untitled window. In an application that is not document-based, the main application window should open.

如果程序没有运行，则新的窗口应该被创建。在一个文档类型的程序中，程序应该创建一个新的，未命名的窗口。在非文档类型的程序中，程序的主窗口应该被创建。

• When a user clicks an open application’s icon in the Dock, the application becomes active and all open unminimized windows are brought to the front; minimized document windows remain in the Dock. If there are no unminimized windows when the user clicks the Dock icon, the last minimized window should be expanded and made active. If no windows are open, the application should open a new window—a new untitled window for document-based applications, otherwise the main application window.

当用户在已打开的程序的Dock图标上点击时，该程序被激活，并且所有已打开的且没有被最小化的窗口移到前端；最小化的窗口仍然保留在Dock中。如果该程序所有窗口都已被最小化，则最后一个最小化的窗口被展开并被激活。如果该程序没有窗口，则程序应该创建新的窗口——对于文档类型的程序来说是新未命名的窗口，否则就是程序的主窗口。

When you press and hold the Dock icon of a running application, two things happen:

• Exposé displays all windows currently open in the application (including minimized windows)
• A minimal Dock menu appears that allows you to:
  • Quit the application
  • Hide or show the application’s windows
  • Show the application in the Finder and manage the Keep in Dock and Open at Login options

When you click and hold the Dock icon of an application that is not running, a minimal Dock menu appears that allows you to:

• Open the application
• Show the application in the Finder and manage the Remove from Dock and Open at Login options

When you Control-click the Dock icon of a running application, a customizable Dock menu appears. By default, this menu displays the same items as the minimal Dock menu you see when you press and hold the application’s Dock icon. In addition, this menu lists all open windows (including minimized windows) and may contain application-specific items. See “Dock Menus” for more information on customizing this Dock menu.

If you Control-click the Dock icon of an application that is not running, you see the same minimal Dock menu displayed when you press and hold the Dock icon.

按住Control再点击Dock上的图标会显示程序允许用户进行的操作，如退出程序，隐藏程序或者显示程序在文件系统中的位置等。（用户同样可以通过按住程序图标来得到这些操作的菜单）。您可以更改这些菜单从而让用户可以从Dock图标上使用程序的功能。更多信息请参考“Dock菜单”。